The Different Components of a Bridge

Nowadays, bridges have become commonplace in our modern society. They offer great solutions to problems such as carrying heavy loads across long distances or providing a safe route for pedestrians and vehicles. But have you ever wondered how bridges are built? Here’s a quick breakthrough of the main components of a bridge and how they function.

The Main Components

The Type of Superstructure

The main part of a bridge is its superstructure. The superstructure bears the weight of the load as it passes through the bridge. It comprises the deck slab, girders, truss, etc. The specific components vary based on the type of bridge and its materials such as concrete or steel. The substructure of a bridge is the component that supports the superstructure and distributes the load to the bridge footings and foundation. They consist of piers, abutments, wing walls all of which facilitate the process of transmitting the weight of the load to the earth.

Different Types of Bridges

Beam Bridge

A beam bridge consists of one or more horizontal beams supported at their ends by piers or abutments.  A Beam bridge, sometimes called a stringer or girder bridge, is one of the most basic types of bridge.  Beam bridges can be constructed using wood, steel, or concrete and are built for short distances as their only support is from piers.

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In this design, the load is compressed on the top of the bridge and then applied down the piers to the earth.

Truss Bridge

A truss bridge design involves interconnected triangles that distribute the weight over a wide space. This unique design allows the truss bridge to carry a heavier weight capacity with fewer materials. 

There are many varieties of trusses; however, there are four commonly used truss-styles, including the Warren, Pratt, Howe, and K Truss. Each style contains the same basic truss structure, which includes:

• Top and bottom chords (horizontal members)
• Multiple vertical and diagonal members between the chords that are put together into triangular shapes(which helps to strengthen the bridge)

Build with Yehans International

At Yehans International, we work with the highest quality materials and engineers when designing and building bridges. Not to mention, our bridges are well-made, easy to maintain, and available in a variety of design and support types.

With decades of experience and our team of dedicated experts, you can feel confident in trusting an industry leader to build your bridge. Contact us today for a free quote.